Abstract
FROM ASHÂB-I SUFFA TO KIRKLAR MECLİSİ (FORTIES ASSEMBLY): “MIRAJ” AND “SEMA/SEMAH” IN YUNUS EMRE
Yunus Emre became a Sufi poet who reflected the doctrines of the Horasan Turkmen Sufi school in 13th and 14th century Anatolia with a very concise expression and very clear and understandable language in his poems compared to his contemporaries. His conception of Sufism is built on an understanding based on the doctrines of "four doors and forty maqams", the first examples of which we saw in Hodja Ahmed Yesevî. Wahdat-i Wujud philosophy, theory of revolution, understanding of melamet, the tradition of shathiye, sainthood-prophethood approach, and many other Sufi thoughts are shaped in his poems in the context of the doctrines of this school. In the following periods, the reflection of this doctrine, which continues to live in the Alevi-Bektashi faith and Sufi understanding, especially the basic theology and doctrine of the Alevi-Bektashi faith, such as the narrative of "Miraj (Miraç) and Forties Assembly (Kırklar Meclisi)", has escaped the attention of the work in the academy. Based on this finding, the traces of the thought system of the Horasan Turkmen Sufi school on which the understanding of the “Forties Assembly”, “Ninety thousand kalam” and "sema/semah" are rooted in the Miraj narratives of the Alevi-Bektashi tradition, which has a very different fiction from the Miraj narratives we encountered in the Sunni and Shiite traditions, were examined and the elements of the miraj narrative were examined comparatively. In this context, it was tried to reveal that the narrative of the "Miraj and Forties Assembly” which belongs to Alevi-Bektashi tradition which offers an understanding based on the redemption of the sainthood and prophethood authorities in the Sufism, was processed in a multifaceted way in Yunus Emre's poems with a secret language and rhetoric.
Keywords
Yunus Emre, Alevi-Bektashi, Miraj, Forties Assembly (Kırklar Meclisi), Sema/Semah.